Handeware

Field Guide · Chapter 25 of 29

Wildflowers and strange plants

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Common daisy

Common daisy

Bellis perennis
Magnoliopsida › Asterales › Asteraceae
Flowers track the sun

Its flowers turn to follow the sun across the sky.

Common sunflower

Common sunflower

Helianthus annuus
Magnoliopsida › Asterales › Asteraceae

The “flower” is many tiny florets packed in spirals, usually 34 one way and 55 the other. Young heads follow the sun.

Cornflower

Cornflower

Centaurea cyanus
Magnoliopsida › Asterales › Asteraceae
264 sites down to 3

A cornfield weed that is now endangered where it grew naturally.

Meadow buttercup

Meadow buttercup

Ranunculus acris
Magnoliopsida › Ranunculales › Ranunculaceae
Up to 100 cm tall

A meadow flower that is a serious weed on New Zealand dairy farms.

Sweet violet

Sweet violet

Viola odorata
Magnoliopsida › Malpighiales › Violaceae
Few flowers share it

Only a few other flowers smell remotely like a violet.

Common bluebell

Common bluebell

Hyacinthoides non-scripta
Liliopsida › Asparagales › Asparagaceae
Up to 500 mm tall

Its roots shrink to draw the bulb down into moister soil, reaching 10 to 12 cm.

Snowdrop

Snowdrop

Galanthus nivalis
Liliopsida › Asparagales › Amaryllidaceae
Around 7 to 15 cm tall

Ants spread its seeds, which carry a fleshy tail they find attractive.

Wild daffodil

Wild daffodil

Narcissus pseudonarcissus
Liliopsida › Asparagales › Amaryllidaceae
5 to 7 years from seed

Grown from seed, it takes five to seven years to flower.

Lily of the valley

Lily of the valley

Convallaria majalis
Liliopsida › Asparagales › Asparagaceae
15 to 35 cm tall

Its sweet bells hide a poison, and every part of the plant can make you ill.

English lavender

English lavender

Lavandula angustifolia
Magnoliopsida › Lamiales › Lamiaceae
Up to 2 m tall

Its name says England, but the plant comes from the Mediterranean basin.

Dog rose

Dog rose

Rosa canina
Magnoliopsida › Rosales › Rosaceae
18.1 seeds per fruit

Its hips are 65.2% water, possibly the lowest of any European fleshy fruit.

Common milkweed

Common milkweed

Asclepias syriaca
Magnoliopsida › Gentianales › Apocynaceae
Up to 2.4 m tall

The eastern monarch migration largely depends on only three milkweeds, and this is one of them.

Purple coneflower

Purple coneflower

Echinacea purpurea
Magnoliopsida › Asterales › Asteraceae
Up to 120 cm tall

Each tiny flower in the middle of the head has both male and female parts.

California poppy

California poppy

Eschscholzia californica
Magnoliopsida › Ranunculales › Papaveraceae
Closes at night

Its petals fold shut at night and open again the next morning.

Bee orchid

Bee orchid

Ophrys apifera
Liliopsida › Asparagales › Orchidaceae
Fakes a female bee

Seeds need a fungus to sprout, and sprouting can take months or years underground.

Aloe vera

Aloe vera

Aloe vera
Liliopsida › Asparagales › Asphodelaceae
60 to 100 cm tall

Aloe latex is swallowed to relieve constipation.

Century plant

Century plant

Agave americana
Liliopsida › Asparagales › Asparagaceae
Blooms once, then dies

It blooms a single time, late in a long life.

Living stone

Living stone

Lithops lesliei
Magnoliopsida › Caryophyllales › Aizoaceae
15% cut in numbers

It grows in the shade of another plant, in rocky grassland and savannah.

Common ivy

Common ivy

Hedera helix
Magnoliopsida › Apiales › Araliaceae
20 to 30 m high

Ivy flowers feed bees and other insects into late autumn.

Poison ivy

Poison ivy

Toxicodendron radicans
Magnoliopsida › Sapindales › Anacardiaceae
About 5 to 12 day rash

Poison ivy is not an ivy at all, but a relative of cashews and sumac.

Deadly nightshade

Deadly nightshade

Atropa belladonna
Magnoliopsida › Solanales › Solanaceae
Up to 1.3% in roots

Its berries look attractive and taste somewhat sweet, so they pose the greatest danger to children.

Bracken

Bracken

Pteridium aquilinum
Polypodiopsida › Polypodiales › Dennstaedtiaceae
Up to 650 years old

A bracken patch is often a colony of genetically identical fronds.

Opium poppy

Opium poppy

Papaver somniferum
Magnoliopsida › Ranunculales › Papaveraceae
About 100 cm tall

Every part of this plant gives off white latex when it is wounded.

Tobacco

Tobacco

Nicotiana tabacum
Magnoliopsida › Solanales › Solanaceae
1 to 3 m tall

In 1612 a Virginia planter used this species to break the Spanish monopoly on tobacco.

1 of 24

On this page

  1. Common daisy
  2. Common sunflower
  3. Cornflower
  4. Meadow buttercup
  5. Sweet violet
  6. Common bluebell
  7. Snowdrop
  8. Wild daffodil
  9. Lily of the valley
  10. English lavender
  11. Dog rose
  12. Common milkweed
  13. Purple coneflower
  14. California poppy
  15. Bee orchid
  16. Aloe vera
  17. Century plant
  18. Living stone
  19. Common ivy
  20. Poison ivy
  21. Deadly nightshade
  22. Bracken
  23. Opium poppy
  24. Tobacco

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